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Translation technology is essential for translation students, practising translators, and those working as part of the language services industry, but looming above others are the tools for automating translation: machine translation and, more recently, generative AI based on large language models (LLMs).

This book, authored by leading experts, demystifies machine translation, explaining its origins, its training data, how neural machine translation and LLMs work, how to measure their quality, how translators interact with contemporary systems for automating translation, and how readers can build their own machine translation or LLM. In later chapters, the scope of the book expands to look more broadly at translation automation in audiovisual translation and localisation. Importantly, the book also examines the sociotechnical context, focusing on ethics and sustainability.

Enhanced with activities, further reading and resource links, including online support material on the Routledge Translation studies portal, this is an essential textbook for students of translation studies, trainee and practising translators, and users of MT and multilingual LLMs.

Preview

Series Editor’s Foreword

Preface

Abbreviations and Acronyms

Chapter 1 – The Roots of Machine Translation

Chapter 2 – Data for Machine Translation

Chapter 3 – Translation Memory and Computer-Assisted Translation tools

Chapter 4 – Neural Networks and Neural Machine Translation

Chapter 5 – Machine Translation Evaluation

Chapter 6 – Neural Machine Translation: Build or Buy?

Chapter 7 – Building Machine Translation Models with Colab

Chapter 8 – Machine Translation Post-Editing

Chapter 9 – Machine Translation in Multimedia Translation and Localisation

Chapter 10 – Large Language Models and Multilingual Language Models: The Future of Machine Translation?

Chapter 11 – Sociotechnical Effects of Machine Translation

Afterword

Glossary